Professor Frances Arnold is a mechanical and chemical engineer who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 2018 (the first American woman to do so) for her work in evolving enzymes in making fuels, chemicals and materials less harmful to the environment. These ‘new and improved’ enzymes are used today to make laundry detergents to biofuels (Gevo), non-toxic alternatives to pesticides (Provivi), and medicines (like anti-diabetic drug, Januvia).